الثلاثاء، 25 أبريل 2017

You won’t win until they start betting against you

She witnessed her friend get hit and killed by a car. On top of that, her parents were getting divorced. Then two more of her friends from school died suddenly. Life was terrifying and confusing. She was only 16.
The girl’s father didn’t know what else to do, so he bought his daughter a motivational set of tapes called How to Be a No-Limit Person.
The girl listened to the tapes. She became meticulous about the information she fed her mind. She soon made a habit of listening to motivational and inspirational CD’s. (Insert eye-rolling from the cynics and gutless here.)
Because she was still in high school, her interests became a running joke amongst her friends and classmates:
“It actually became a joke in high school, because nobody wanted to ride home with me after a party. They would say, ‘[She’s] going to make me listen to that crap.’ Literally, people would be like, ‘Don’t get trapped in [her] car. She’ll make you listen to this totally wackadoodle guy named Wayne Dyer.’”
The jokes from her peers and friends continued, but the girl kept absorbing the best information she could find.
She suspected that there were many things missing from what she was “learning” at school, so she kept seeking out wisdom. She joined the debate team and began to conquer her natural fear of public speaking. After high school she got into a decent college, but left after two years to pursue a legal communications degree at another school. She wasn’t sure what she wanted to do…
Maybe become an attorney? The next step was to take the LSAT so she could get into law school. She took the test once, and her score was way too low to get into any decent law school. She studied, took a prep course, and got the same result. Law school wouldn’t be in her future.
Desperate for a job, she auditioned to be Goofy at Disney World. She wasn’t tall enough, they said. She continued undeterred to push for any job she could. The only role Disney offered her was that of ride attendant/greeter. She happily took it. But her happiness was short-lived. The girl was soon met by former classmates. They instantly remembered her and her silly motivational tapes. The memories of their jokes still stung. Running into them as a greeter at Disney World was almost unbearable.
The girl quit after just three months and took a job selling office equipment door to door. It wasn’t glamorous — door to door direct selling is one of the most challenging jobs in the world. On top of that, she was selling expensive fax machines to businesses… not an easy sale.
She was still terrified of public speaking and knew she had to eliminate these fears. She began doing stand-up comedy in the evenings. Every night was the same… she felt like throwing up before going on stage. During the day, she faced countless “no’s”, slammed doors, hung up phones — constant disrespect and derision. At night, while everyone else was relaxing or drinking themselves into oblivion, she was terrorizing herself by forcing herself onstage.
If she was serious about a better life, she knew she was going to have to create it. Instead of getting discouraged, she doubled down on filling her mind with inspiration and visions of what she wanted. She wasn’t sure about what she would create, just that she wanted it to be something that improved the lives of millions. She started searching for “the” idea. She needed something that would pull her out of her current situation. At the same time, she knew what happened when you dared to display ambitions or good ideas around friends and family. So she didn’t tell anyone around her what she was working on… for an entire year. She raised her standards, became wholly focused on improving herself, and refused to let the armchair critics win..
“I knew I wanted my life to be different than it currently was, so I took inventory of my strengths and weaknesses. I recognized that one of my strengths was selling. I really enjoyed it and knew I was good at it.”
“So I said, ‘OK, I want to invent or create a product that I can sell that’s my own and not somebody else’s, and I want it to be something I can sell to millions of people. And I want it to be something that makes people feel good.’ I wrote that specifically in my journal, and I just kept looking for when it was going to show up in my life. I was on high alert.”
Many observers might have laughed at her lofty goal. Why? Perhaps because it’s psychologically painful when we see someone setting standards for themselves that are higher than our own (often non-existent) standards.
After writing those words, THE idea eventually came to her, and she got to work. Word got out that she was working on something… that she had invented something. She devoted nights and weekends to it, skipped parties, and stopped hanging out with those “friends” who were quietly waiting to rationalize away any of her ideas.
 
It would have been easy to think it was impossible, or that her current situation suggested she couldn’t do it. After all, she was still living at home, had been selling office equipment door to door for seven years, was dating a loser, and only had $5,000 in savings.
She didn’t have a product yet, but she did have THE idea that could become one. Suddenly, she didn’t just have the idea… the idea had her.
She went to law firms and tried to get them to help her patent the idea. One of the attorneys later reflected on the pitch and said,
“I thought when I first met you, that your idea was so bad that I thought you had been sent by Candid Camera.”
Ouch. Any attorney that seemed mildly interested wanted $3,000 — $5,000 to patent her idea. And she wasn’t having that. So she bought a book about patents and trademarks, and wrote her own patent. She cold called the manufacturers who could make her product. They all laughed before saying no.
When she finally had time to rejoin her circle of friends, groups of people would approach her. They’d heard she had invented something. Like crabs in a bucket, they zeroed in on the crab nearing the brim and tried to pull her back down.
“A bunch of people had heard I had invented something and came up to me and said, ‘You know… business is war.’ I just didn’t accept that and I didn’t believe that. I believed that it could be different.”
She needed support and mentorship, so she joined the Young Entrepreneurs Organization. At the time, it was filled with men. They asked her about her business plan and strategies.
She didn’t have a business plan. And as far as strategies, she mentioned that she was using visualization, along with, “asking the universe for help.”
The men were dumbfounded. But instead of just trying to drag her back down in the bucket, they treated her like entertainment.
“They all later admitted to me they were placing bets on how long I would last in the group, and how long my business would last too.”
Thankfully, she was too busy taking action to notice.
She wasn’t moving fast, in fact she was moving quite slow. But as they say in the military, slow is smooth and smooth is fast. She spent three months designing and redesigning the packaging. It took her another year and a half to settle on a name.
By now, several of the people who doubted her were starting to warm up to the idea. Friends and family tried out her product. Through her persistence, she finally got one manufacturer to agree to build her idea after his daughters said they wanted it. Eventually, she got awarded her own patent and trademark for her creation, and closed her first major sale with Neiman Marcus.
She kept visualizing what she wanted every step of the way. After years of effort, her product was ready, complete with bright red packaging and a name that was perfect… SPANX.
Sara Blakely turned her $5,000 of savings into $1 billion over the next several years. She became the world’s youngest self-made female billionaire.
Photo, Twenty20
You’ll know you’re on an interesting path when they start betting against you. You won’t find that path until you force yourself out of your comfort zone. How many people listened to Wayne Dyer, or any inspirational tapes, and never took action? Too many too count.
Sara believed that her thoughts and ideas could become self-fulfilling prophecies. She guarded her belief and nurtured her ideas, never allowing them to be killed in the cradle. She held onto whisps of the idea for years. She sought guidance, and even when no one would believe, she kept the faith and put in the work to exorcise her fear and self-doubt.
Let them bet against you. Guard your ideas. Take massive action. Cold call the people you want to connect. Explain your ideas and understand that people will try anything to pick them apart. Set standards for yourself that are high enough to make others wildly uncomfortable around you.
After she was on the cover of Forbes magazine, Sara got a text from those same high school friends who made fun of her for listening to Wayne Dyer.
“I got some pretty hilarious texts from some of those friends, saying, ‘Damn. I should have listened to that stuff.’” — Sara Blakely, MC
They aren’t the only ones who spoke up and said they should have listened… She still meets that group of men in her entrepreneur organization that took bets against her.
Sara Blakely, Instagram
“I’ve met with them once a month for 14 years and we also take a trip together every year. They are like my brothers. They have completely forgotten I’m a woman. And, especially on these trips, I feel like Jane Goodall, except instead of observing gorillas in their natural habitat, I’m observing men. Oh the things I’ve learned… 😉 P.S. And now they all ask me how to talk to the universe. 🌟👍” –Sara Blakely
You don’t need formal credentials. You DO need to guard your ideas and appropriately value them by taking action. Don’t be afraid to confront the fear of failure and public speaking. Take jobs that put you face-to-face with your detractors. Let them think you’re beaten or marginalized. Get good at direct sales and doing almost everything yourself. Fill your mind with messages of empowerment and hope. It’s terrifying when you realize that no one else will do it for you, but this level of objective analysis is a place where few people are brave enough to tread.
If you want something, proclaim it, hold it in your mind, and go get it. There isn’t a better feeling than receiving apologies or confessions (even if they’re half hearted) from those who tried their best to pull you down.
Life and business don’t have to be cutthroat, it doesn’t have to be like war, and you won’t succeed by following the formula that others think is the recipe for success. Your journey is singular, and being an entrepreneur or founder or billionaire doesn’t have to be your goal. The more you take yourself and your ideas seriously, the more your path will become singular.
So let them laugh. Let them bet against you. Let them roll their eyes. And in the meantime, do the work and the things they won’t. They might text you later asking for forgiveness.

السبت، 22 أبريل 2017

The 5 Most Overlooked Factors When Choosing a Coding Bootcamp


Choosing a Bootcamp

Need help choosing a bootcamp? If you’re considering attending a coding bootcamp, sites like SwitchUp and Course Report are good starting points to learn about your options. Many prospective students typically look at schools’ websites and read through student reviews, but you might be missing a few key considerations.
Before you make the investment, here are five things to consider when choosing a coding bootcamp to help you make the best decision:
  1. Choose the environment that works best for you. Depending on your needs and situation, you may find an online bootcamp works better for your schedule, learning style or financial situation than an onsite program. Some schools, like Coding Dojo, offer both options. And if you’re considering in-person classes and want onsite instruction and mentorship, you’ll want to make sure the school of your choice has a location near you. Otherwise the costs of relocating to a brand new city may double or even triple your total expenses to complete the bootcamp. For example, in order to be even closer to students, Coding Dojo recently announced new campus openings in Orange County and Berkeley, CA, adding to its campus locations across the U.S.: Silicon Valley, Seattle, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., Dallas and Chicago.
  2. Consider quality of education. Not all bootcamps are created equal. Look for a bootcamp that’s received industry recognition and has strong reviews on sites like SwitchUp or other review sites. Organizations and publications like Training Industry, GeekWire, MIT and others provide third-party perspectives and rankings to help you make an informed choice. And don’t forget to seek out alumni perspectives to see what they thought and where they are today. Speaking of alumni…
  3. Think three steps ahead. What happens after graduation? Like most students, you’ll probably need to get a job! When you’re looking at bootcamps, keep in mind that not all bootcamps offer career services, and if they do, make sure it’s an insightful program rather than the same old high–level career advice. Coding Dojo takes pride in the success of its career services team and alumni. Since 2012, Coding Dojo has helped individuals from a variety of backgrounds and skill levels transform into professional developers who go on to be hired by start-ups and world-class companies like Amazon, Apple, Expedia, Microsoft, JPMorgan Chase, DocuSign and Skytap. Coding Dojo recently interviewed one of its graduates to help you understand what to expect before, during and after enrolling with Coding Dojo, and his experience in finding a job. Coding Dojo helps prepare you for life after graduation. It offers dedicated career services resources, such as one-on-one sessions with a career advisor, open forums with industry leaders and comprehensive job-hunting workshops to help you network, get a foot in the door and land your dream job.
  4. Get a taste of the teaching method to make sure it’s the right fit. Some coding schools offer intro workshops or online courses to give you a sneak peek at how they teach their curriculum. Coding Dojo created its Intro to Code Workshop to show aspiring developers that truly anyone can code. Workshops are held at your local Coding Dojo campus, where you will learn in a classroom environment—just like you would in the bootcamp. You’ll learn how to code a basic website and gain a solid understanding of how programming languages are actually used to build applications.
  5. Ensure the curriculum aligns with your career goals. The languages, technologies and how you learn them can seriously impact your job prospects upon graduation. You don’t want to be stuck in a JavaScript-only coding school, when in fact you’re more interested in Python or Ruby. This is where Coding Dojo’s three full-stack curriculum excels. Coding Dojo is the only coding bootcamp in the world to teach three full technology stacks in a single 14-week program, and one of the highest rated coding bootcamps in the industry because of it. Students can choose to learn three out of six of the industry’s most in-demand web and mobile development languages that Coding Dojo teaches: Ruby on Rails, LAMP, MEAN, Python, .NET Core and Swift/iOS. Coding Dojo also maintains partnerships with employers and technology companies, which helps the instructors customize curriculum in a way that adequately prepares you – the student – for jobs. For example, Coding Dojo recently partnered with Amazon to create an in-person class, video series and hackathon to create new skills for Alexa, the voice service that powers Amazon Echo.
Let’s face it. A coding bootcamp is a serious life decision, and for many students it’s hard to differentiate one from another. No matter what you do, always do your research! Ideally, these five extra tips to consider were worthwhile and will help guide you to make the best decision possible about your future career.
Want to learn more about Coding Dojo and its three full-stack curriculum? Visit the website!

8 Best (FREE) Web Development Courses for Beginners

Perhaps one of the most exciting prospects about entering a field like web development is the ability to simply get into it right away.  Unlike many professions that require months or even years of training, with web development you can easily get started today if you feel the fire of learning and discovery smoldering under your feet!
The best place begin getting a feel for how development works are the numerous free, self-guided online web development courses that cover everything from basic programming introductions to development best practices.  Below we’ll take a look at the cream of the crop web development courses and highlight what they can each offer you and a selection of the best links or tools to check out.

1. Codecademy (Visit)

Codecademy provides a series of self-guided tutorials for beginners to learn the basics of web development programming.  An in-browser, self-contained development environment is created where you can learn the basic structures of front-end code like HTML and CSS, before moving on to back-end languages such as Ruby on Rails and Python.
Don’t miss… The Make a Website and HTML & CSS programs are great beginning points if you need to learn the basics of web structure and design.  For heavier coding, try the Ruby language tutorial followed by the Learn Ruby on Rails guide for making a basic, functional website.

2. Khan Academy (Visit)

An extremely useful learning site that covers all manner of subject, and the computer programming section of Khan Academy in particular cannot be overlooked.  It features a variety of self-guided tutorials, generally with experts providing audio and/or video guidance on the topic while interactive on-screen windows show the code and output the results during narration.
Don’t miss The great introduction to the SQL database engine includes guided narration and even personal challenges that ask you to write SQL yourself to perform simple tasks.  A fun series for learning the basics of drawing and animation using JavaScript is great for getting into that prolific front-end language.

3. MIT OpenCourseware (Visit)

An abundance of self-guided courses from none other than one of the best technical schools in the United States, MIT.  The MIT OpenCourseware program offers an incredible breadth of topics to learn about, including hundreds of courses relating to programming, development, mathematics, and computer engineering.
Don’t miss… Introduction to Computer Science and Programming which is a full, independent study course including all resources and course materials to get you excited about and interested in programming.  A Gentle Introduction to Programming Using Python is also a great resource to get insight into that popular and well-designed back-end language.

4. Coursera (Visit)

Similar to MIT OpenCourseware, Coursera offers a plethora of online courses from a variety of universities around the world for free.  Each course varies slightly in format and timeline, but numerous courses are available for programming, development, and computer science to get a taste.
Don’t miss A great beginners guide to programming can be found in the Programming for Everyone course from University of Michigan.  While the language used throughout the course is specific to Python, the course itself is focused on the concepts of general programming that can be applied to virtually all languages you’ll encounter for years to come.

5. Mozilla Developer Network (Visit)

Mozilla, the team behind the popular Firefox web browser, have created an incredible resource for developers of all skills levels and expertise through the Mozilla Developer Network.  These resources, articles, and tutorials are perfect for those who absorb information and learn best using the tried-and-true method of reading words and seeing examples right there on the page.  The range of topics is wide, from basic web introductions and front-end languages to common vocabulary and optimization & performance.
Don’t miss Getting started with the Web is a great resource for beginners to learn about how websites function, and the guide then moves onto writing and playing around with front-end technologies such as HTMLCSS, and JavaScript.

6. HTML5 Rocks (Visit)

While the interface is a bit lackluster and finding relevant articles can be somewhat challenging, the HTML5 Rocks site — that was created by Google — provides a wide assortment of articles and tutorials on all manner of web development topics, with intended audiences ranging from beginners to advanced developers.
Don’t miss Getting Started with CSS Shapes provides a great introduction into advanced CSS techniques that many beginners may not even realize can be accomplished purely with CSS.

7. A List Apart (Visit)

One of the most professional and up-to-date online magazines directly aimed at web developers and designers, A List Apart is home to a multitude of exceptional articles dealing with everything from coding and techniques to design and user experience.  If you want to do some light reading and learn from the experience and advice of other experts in the field, browsing through the articles here is a great resource.
Don’t miss Building Nonlinear Narratives for the Web offers great insight into the notion that the scattered, modular nature of modern websites requires that narratives about our content are allowed to be free-flowing and not follow the traditional “beginning, middle, end” structure of storytelling.  Also check out Reframing Accessibility for the Web, which attacks some of our own inherent prejudices about web users with disabilities and how developers can move forward designing for accessibility, regardless of the user at the other end.

8. Coding Dojo Algorithm Prep (Visit)

For new developers, it’s so incredibly important to get familiar with programming algorithms as early as possible – so much so, that they become second nature.
Don’t miss….Coding Dojo created a free Algorithm Training Platform that will help build your coding muscles and nail coding fundamentals before diving into learning how to code! The Algorithm Training Platform takes you through a series of problems that become more challenging as levels progress. After each challenge, there’s a video with a Coding Dojo instructor who walks through how he or she would personally solve the algorithm.

How to Teach Yourself to Code

So, you want to become a ninja in the art and science of programming, but you are worried that you don’t have much background experience in this area, and certainly no formal schooling in computer science. That’s OK! In order to become ‘fluent’ in a completely new area like programming, there are a few great tried-and-true approaches that many professional developers follow.
This guidance falls into two categories. First, establish the right mental framework for success; second, execute on specific actions that build long-term mastery.
Without the right approach, spending excessive hours still won’t yield the results you want, as your efforts are less likely to be fully productive (and might even be misdirected). This in turn makes it harder to remain encouraged and high-energy in your quest. So today’s blog (part 1 of a 2-part series) describes techniques that create the best possible mindset to teach yourself programming

1. Think long–term, stay positive

You’ve likely seen perfectly capable people convince themselves that they are not up to a task ahead of them. Don’t fall into this trap! First, put yourself in the right frame of mind with the right expectations. Going ‘from n00b to ninja’ requires a lot of energy, applied consistently over a considerable period of time. Like drips of water that eventually drill through a slab of granite that seemed indestructible, your everyday efforts will move you toward your goal, as long as you dedicate yourself to the long-term outcome.
Maintaining a positive attitude over the long-term is crucial. Don’t kid yourself – mastery won’t happen overnight. That said, each day brings you closer to success, so look for small victories along the way, and use them as encouragement to keep pushing forward.

2. Respect the power of focus

What if you had a “high gear” enabling you to work 3x as fast? We do! It is that state we feel when we focus uninterrupted on a single challenge. Find that zone, and stay there, to stretch time and multiply your progress.
Texting and social media may seem harmless to your focus, but studies show that even tiny interruptions may cost 25 minutes of productive work. Just as you acknowledged that this journey will take time, you should also acknowledge that you have a fixed amount of attention – so be intentional about where you spend it.
Set aside a few times each day to reconnect (perhaps around meals; these are interruptions anyway). Otherwise, unplug from social media; disable email notifications; mute your phone and put it out of view; close other apps and browser tabs.
Apply “distraction-free mode” elsewhere as well. Keep your computer desktop spare and distraction-free, reflecting your new focus. Empty your email inbox before bed, allowing your mind to dream of other things. In your physical workspace, move distractions out of view.
Being intentional about ‘defending your focus’ is particularly important during your quest to conquer a new area.

3. Develop and keep good habits

Developing good work habits early on will serve you throughout your career, so why not start now and make your journey toward mastery as efficient as possible.
Whether a star programmer or a superstar athlete (or both!), you need to keep yourself healthy. If your body hurts after a long computer session, fix your configuration (raise the monitor, lower your keyboard, get a better chair…whatever it takes). During your regularly-scheduled breaks, get some exercise to keep your body moving and your blood flowing. Try not to eat too much junk food (this can be hard; many programmers are consummate snack-junkies). In the end, your body dictates your energy level, so treat it well!
Software engineers create value by making intelligent analysis and wise choices. Your value springs from your mind, so be intentional about staying sharp. Even as you work harder than ever, make sure to get enough sleep! Resist the urge to trade away an hour of sleep for an additional hour of late-night work – focus on quality, not quantity. Give your mind and body the rest they need, so that each hour of work is maximally productive.

4. Find a coach you trust

To get in physical shape, you could just get a gym membership – but your efforts might be unfocused or even counter-productive. A better approach, one that makes best use of your time and effort, would be to work with an expert that keeps you challenged and focused on the right things.
The same is true as you work toward programming mastery. With so many technologies and resources out there, how do you know where to start and what to prioritize? You need a guide to point you in the right direction and keep you working on the right activities. Find a coach who will challenge and accelerate you, someone that understands your situation, commits to your goal and knows how to take you there.
To maximize these benefits, you need to trust and follow the plan. Sometimes it might be a very specific set of focused coding exercises to follow without deviation; other times, it could be “build it again, faster”; sometimes it might be “You already know all the basic ideas; show me how you put them together”. Regardless, the point is this: commit ahead of time to follow where the coach leads you. It shouldn’t be difficult. If your instructor has become a trusted coach, by completely buying in you avoid a lot of potentially wasted energy and time.

5. Love what you do! Do what you love!

We’ve discussed how to prepare yourself for a sustained stretch of hard work. Imagine how great it would feel, if the ‘work’ didn’t seem like work at all? If the target of your ‘quest’ is something that engages your brain and feeds your heart, a positive reinforcement cycle kicks in. Challenges will be less frustrating, and more interesting.
As you become absorbed by your work, even off-hours result in unexpected insights. A level of comfort and second-level understanding naturally develops, fueling your confidence and your ability to integrate new ideas. You will have reached the optimum mental state for moving rapidly toward fluency – effective action and communication without thinking.

Becoming an expert in an entirely new area is achievable. Commitment, focus and enthusiasm, applied consistently over time, will make your efforts as fruitful as possible.
In the next blog post we will be more concrete, discussing specific activities that can accelerate your learning and deepen your understanding during this journey from n00b to ninja.how-to-teach-yourself-to-code

الأربعاء، 5 أبريل 2017

Li-Fi تقنية جديدة

 إذا كانت هذه أول مرة تسمع فيها عن تقنية الـ  Li-Fi فدعنا نخبرك بأنها عبارة عن إحتصار لكلمة Light Fidelity و هي عبارة عن تقنية شبيهة بتقنية الواي فاي المستخدمة حاليا في نقل البيانات حيث أن تقنية الـ Light Fidelity تعمل أيضا على نقل البيانات و ربط الإتصال بشكل لا سلكي بين الأجهزة إلا أن ما يميز تقنية  Li-Fi و ما يجعلها مختلفة هو كونها أسرع بكثير من الواي فاي المستعمل حاليا .
و قد أكد بعض العلماء من هولندا بأن تقنية  Li-Fi أسرع بحوالي 100 مرة من تقنية الواي فاي حيث تعمل تقنية  Li-Fi على نقل البيانات بسرعة تصل إلى 224 جيجابايت في الثانية و في تشبيه ساخر من أحد المتخصصين فقد أفاد بأن الأمر المقارنة بين تقنية لاي فاي و الواي فاي أشبه بالمقارنة بين النمر و الحلزون و ذلك نظرا للفرق الشاسع بينهما في السرعة .





و جميع المؤشرات تدل على أن تقنية الـ  Li-Fi هي التي سوف تكون مستخدمة مستقبلا في جميع الأجهزة بحيث توفر للمستخدمين سرعة اكثر و للإشارة فإن هذه التقنية ليست جديدة بشكل كلي حيث تم الكشف عنها للمرة الأولى في عام 2011 و لكن العمل على تطويرها لازال مستمرا إلى غاية الوقت الحالي .
تقنية الـ Li-Fi تعتمد في عملها على ترددات الضوء و هذا ما يجعل إمكانية الإتصال بشكل لاسلكي تحت المياه أمرا ممكنا ، و بإختصار فإن تقنية الـ  Li-Fi سوف تسهل عملية الإتصال و نقل البيانات بشكل كبير أفضل من الواي فاي المعتمدة حاليا .
 Li-Fi تقنية جديدة أقوى من الواي فاي بـ 100 مرة

الاثنين، 3 أبريل 2017

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Beautiful geological destinations

                         Silfra

Silfra fissure.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge passing through Þingvellir
Silfra is a rift formed in the divergent tectonic boundary between the North American and Eurasian plates and is located in the Þingvallavatn Lake in the Þingvellir National Park in Iceland.

FormationEdit

Silfra lies in the Þingvellir valley and within the Þingvellir National Park. The valley, and Silfra itself, were formed by the divergent tectonic drift of the Eurasian and North American plates. The plates drift about 2 cm farther apart every year, building up tension between the plates and the earth mass above. This tension is relieved through periodic major earthquakes at approximately ten year intervals, which have caused cracks and fissures to form in Þingvellir valley; Silfra lies at the rim of the Þingvallavatn Lake [1] and is one of the largest and deepest of these fissures. The Silfra fissure intercepts a major aquifer, which feeds multiple springs at its base.[2] Boulders and rocks falling into the widening cracks have formed caves within the fissures.[1][3]

HydrologyEdit

Silfra is spring fed by groundwater originating as meltwater from Langjökull, Iceland's second largest glacier, about fifty kilometres north of the Þingvallavatn Lake. In the distant past, this Langjökull meltwater ran through a river directly and unimpeded into the Þingvallavatn Lake. This river was blocked a few thousand years ago by lava flows from the Skjaldbreiður volcano causing the meltwater to pond and seep underground into the porous lava rock to form an aquifer. This water then percolates through the aquifer for thirty to a hundred years before emerging from the fissure springs in the Þingvallavatn Lake fifty kilometres to the south. The emerging, highly filtered groundwater is exceptionally clear and potable.[2][4][5]

Scuba divingEdit

The diver's right hand is on the North American Plate and the left hand on the Eurasian Plate
Scuba divers and snorkelers are attracted to Sifra's exceptionally clear, fresh, water, its geological significance and the rare opportunity to swim between continental plates.[6][7][8] The rift offers exceptional visibility of 70–80 metres.[citation needed]. The site has been placed on the world's top fifty diving destinations by at least one travel site.[9]
There are three main dive sites: Silfra Hall, Silfra Cathedral and Silfra Lagoon. The most spectacular section is the Cathedral, which is a 100 metres long fissure with visibility almost from end to end.[10] Shallow at the entry points at the ends of the fissure, Silfra descends to a maximum depth of 63 metres but diving to this depth is seldom done as it requires technical diving skills. The water temperature is between 2–4 °C (36–39 °F) but can be comfortably dived using a dry suit.